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**82495XP/490XP Cache Controller / Cache RAM (for i860)       06/05/91
***Notes:...
***Info:...
***Features:
o   Two-Way, Set Associative, Secondary Cache for i860 XP 
    Microprocessor
o   50 MHz "No Glue" Interface with CPU
o   Configurable
    - Cache Size 256 or 512 Kbytes
    - Line Width 32, 64 or 128 Bytes
    - Memory Bus Width 64 or 128 Bits
o   Dual-Ported Structure Permits Simultaneous Operations on CPU and
    Memory Buses
o   Efficient MRU Way Prediction
    - Zero Wait States on MRU Hit
    - One Walt State on MRU Miss
o   Dynamically Selectable Update Policies
    - Write-Through
    - Write-Once
    - Write-Back
o   MESI Cache Consistency Protocol
o   Hardware Cache Snooping
o   Maintains Consistency with Primary Cache via Inclusion Principle
o   Flexible User-Implemented Memory Interface Enables Wide Range of
    Product Differentiation
    - Clocked or Strobed
    - Synchronous or Asynchronous
    - Plpelining
    - Memory Bus Protocol
o   82495XP Cache Controller Available in 208-Lead Ceramic Pin Grid 
    Array Package
o   82490XP Cache RAM Available in 84-Lead Plastic Quad Flatpack 
    Package

**82496/491     Cache Controller / Cache RAM (for P5 Pentium) 03/22/93...
**82497/492   Cache Controller / Cache RAM (for P54 Pentium)    <Nov94...
**82498/493   Cache Controller / Cache RAM (for P54 Pentium)    <Nov94...
**
**Later chipsets (basic spec):
**440 series:...
**450NX  (?)            06/29/98:...
**?????  (Profusion)    c:99...
**800 series...
*Headland/G2...
*HMC (Hulon Microelectronics)...
*Logicstar...
*Motorola...
*OPTi...
**82C895         System/Power Management Controller (cached)   c:Sep94
***Notes:...
***Info:...
***Configurations:...
***Features:
o   Processor interface:
    - Intel 80486SX, DX, DX2, SLe, DX4, P24T, P24D 
    - AMD 486DX, DX2, DXL, DXL2, Plus
    - Cyrix DX, DX2, M7
    - CPU frequencies supported 20, 25, 33, 40 and 50MHz
o   Cache interface:
    - Direct Mapped Cache
    - Two banks interleaved or single bank non-interleaved
    - 64, 128, 256 and 512K cache sizes
    - Programmable wait states for L2 cache reads and writes
    - 2-1-1-1 read burst and zero wait state write @ 33MHz
    - No Valid bit required
    - Supports CPUs with L1 write-back support
o   DRAM interface:
    - Up to 128MB main memory support
    - Supports 256KB, 1MB, 4MB, and 16MB single- and double-sided SIMM 
      modules
    - Read page-hit timing of 3-2-2-2 at 33MHz
    - Supports hidden, slow and CAS-before-RAS refresh
    - Four RAS lines to support four banks of DRAM
    - Programmable wait states for DRAM reads and writes
    - Enhanced DRAM configuration map
o   Power management:
    - Support for SMM (System Management Mode) for system power 
      management implementations
    - Programmable power management
    - Programmable wake-up events through hardware, software and 
      external SMI source
    - Multiple level GREEN support (NESTED_GREEN)
    - STPCLK# protocol support
    - One programmable GREEN event timer
o   ISA interface:
    - 100% IBM PC/AT ISA compatible
    - Integrates DMA, timer and interrupt controllers
    - Optional PS/2 style IRQ1 and 12 latching
o   VESA VL interface:
    - Conforms to the VESA v2.0 specification
    - Optional support for up to two VL masters
o   Miscellaneous features:
    - Full support for shadow RAM, write protection, L1/L2 
      cacheability for video, adapter and system BIOS
    - Enhanced arbitration scheme
    - Transparent 8042 emulation for fast CPU reset and GATEA20 
      generation
o   Packaging:
    - Higher integration
    - Reduced TTL count
    - Low-power, high-speed 0.8-micron CMOS technology
    - 208-pin PQFP (Plastic Quad Flat Pack)

**82C898         System/Power Management Controller (non-cache)c:Nov94...
**
**Support Chips:
**82C601/2       Buffer Devices                                 <Nov94...
**82C822         PCIB (VLB-to-PCI bridge)                         c:94...
**Other:...
*PC CHIPS/Amptron/Atrend/ECS/Elpina/etc...
**Notes:
You eventually get  to know when a  board is made by PC  Chips just by
looking at it.
 
Here is a test:
1.  No manufacture name, or one of the above.
2.  If the board has a lots of components that sound like a well known 
    part but aren't the well known part. i.e. 'HX Pro' instead of 
    '430HX'
3a. A really good feature set where you think, that's exactly what I'm 
    looking for.
 b. The features don't really work as intended. 
4.  The price is fantastic.
5.  Its disappointing on closer examination.

PC Chips is  renowned for making crap products. Some  are actually not
too bad, they're no worse than  your average brand. However some are a
nightmare either by design or  just poorly made. Fake components glued
on is not  uncommon. Fake labels over other components.  PCB's so thin
they require low insertion force ISA connectors, every trick to save a
few $.

**Early Chipsets:...
**Later Chipsets:...
*SIS...
*Symphony...
*TI (Texas Instruments)...
*UMC...
*Unresearched:...
*VIA...
*VLSI...
*Western Digital...
*Winbond...
*ZyMOS...
*General Sources:...